Anatomy of Flowering Plants

Biology · Class 11

Simulation · Biology · Class 11

Which bundle is which?

"Which bundle is which?" is a free, interactive Class 11 Biology simulation for NEET, built on the lesson "Vascular bundles" in Anatomy of Flowering Plants. Switch between the three kinds. Red rings are xylem, blue is phloem, yellow is cambium. Check whether xylem and phloem share one radius or sit on different ones. Roots: radial. Dicot stems: conjoint and open. Monocot stems: conjoint and closed. In conjoint bundles the phloem usually sits on the outer side of the xylem.

From the lesson Vascular bundles in Anatomy of Flowering Plants. Change the values and watch what happens.

Which bundle is which?Biology · Class 11

The idea behind it

NCERT §6.1.3, Figure 6.2

  • Xylem and phloem are complex tissues; together they make up a vascular bundle.
  • Open bundle: cambium lies between phloem and xylem, so the bundle can later add secondary xylem and phloem. Found in dicot stems.
  • Closed bundle: no cambium, so no secondary tissues form. Found in monocots.
  • Radial arrangement: xylem and phloem lie in separate patches on different radii, alternating round the centre. This is the root pattern.
  • Conjoint arrangement: xylem and phloem lie together on the same radius. This is common in stems and leaves.
  • In a conjoint bundle the phloem is usually only on the outer side of the xylem.
  • Combine the two words for a full description: dicot stem bundles are conjoint and open; monocot stem bundles are conjoint and closed; root bundles are radial.

Questions

2 answers

What does the "Which bundle is which?" simulation show?
Switch between the three kinds. Red rings are xylem, blue is phloem, yellow is cambium. Check whether xylem and phloem share one radius or sit on different ones.
Is this simulation free?
Yes. It is free and runs in the browser on a phone or a laptop. It belongs to the lesson "Vascular bundles" in Anatomy of Flowering Plants (Class 11 Biology).

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