Chemical Coordination and Integration

Biology · Class 11

Simulation · Biology · Class 11

Hormones from the gut and the heart

"Hormones from the gut and the heart" is a free, interactive Class 11 Biology simulation for NEET, built on the NCERT section "Hormones of heart, kidney and gut" in Chemical Coordination and Integration. Send a meal down the gut and watch which endocrine cells fire: gastrin for acid, secretin for bicarbonate, CCK for enzymes and bile, GIP to slow the stomach; raise blood pressure to release ANF. NEET has asked about this idea 3 times in 10 years of papers.

From the lesson Hormones of heart, kidney and gut in Chemical Coordination and Integration. Change the values and watch what happens.

Hormones from the gut and the heartBiology · Class 11

What it shows

NCERT §19.3

Send a meal down the gut and watch which endocrine cells fire: gastrin for acid, secretin for bicarbonate, CCK for enzymes and bile, GIP to slow the stomach; raise blood pressure to release ANF.

Controls

3 to try

  • Dragfood bolus stomach → duodenum
  • Slidermeal fat content 0–100 %
  • Sliderblood pressure 90–180 mm Hg

Try this

Get bile and pancreatic enzymes released at the same time with one hormone, then lower blood pressure with a heart hormone.

Common mistake

Only ductless glands make hormones.

In NEET

10 years of papers

Asked 3 times in 10 years of NEET.

See the past questions: Chemical Coordination and Integration (chapter)

The idea behind it

NCERT §19.3

  • Some tissues that are not endocrine glands also secrete hormones.
  • The atrial wall of the heart secretes a peptide hormone, atrial natriuretic factor (ANF), which lowers blood pressure. When blood pressure rises, ANF is released and makes the blood vessels dilate, which brings the pressure down.
  • The juxtaglomerular cells of the kidney make a peptide hormone, erythropoietin, which stimulates erythropoiesis, the formation of RBCs.
  • Endocrine cells in different parts of the gastrointestinal tract secrete four major peptide hormones: gastrin, secretin, cholecystokinin (CCK) and gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP).
  • Gastrin acts on the gastric glands, which then secrete hydrochloric acid and pepsinogen. The exocrine pancreas is the target of secretin, and responds by secreting water and bicarbonate ions.
  • CCK acts on both the pancreas and the gall bladder, stimulating secretion of pancreatic enzymes and of bile juice respectively. GIP inhibits gastric secretion and motility.
  • Growth factors are hormones made by several other non-endocrine tissues; tissues need them to grow normally and to repair and regenerate.

Questions

4 answers

What does the "Hormones from the gut and the heart" simulation show?
Send a meal down the gut and watch which endocrine cells fire: gastrin for acid, secretin for bicarbonate, CCK for enzymes and bile, GIP to slow the stomach; raise blood pressure to release ANF.
What mistake does the "Hormones from the gut and the heart" simulation fix?
A common mistake it clears up: only ductless glands make hormones.
Has NEET asked about this idea?
Yes. NEET has asked about this idea 3 times in 10 years of papers.
Is this simulation free?
Yes. It is free and runs in the browser on a phone or a laptop. It belongs to the lesson "Hormones of heart, kidney and gut" in Chemical Coordination and Integration (Class 11 Biology).

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