Biology · Class 12 · Chapter 4
Principles of Inheritance and Variation
11 lessons100 min7 simulations10 practice questions
This chapter explains how characters pass from parents to offspring: Mendel's pea experiments and laws, deviations such as incomplete dominance, co-dominance and multiple alleles, the chromosomal basis of inheritance with linkage, and how sex is determined. It closes with mutation and human genetic disorders, both single-gene and chromosomal, and leads into the molecular view of the gene in the next chapter.
Also called: genetics · Mendelian inheritance · Mendel's laws · sex determination
Lessons
11 lessons · 100 min
01Mendel's laws of inheritanceNCERT § "Mendel's Laws of Inheritance"6 min02Inheritance of one gene: dominance and segregationNCERT § "Inheritance of One Gene"10 min1 sim03Incomplete dominance, co-dominance and multiple allelesNCERT § "Inheritance of One Gene"13 min2 sims04Inheritance of two genes: independent assortmentNCERT § "Inheritance of Two Genes"10 min1 sim05Chromosomal theory, linkage and recombinationNCERT § "Inheritance of Two Genes"10 min1 sim06Polygenic inheritance and pleiotropyNCERT § "Polygenic Inheritance" and § "Pleiotropy"7 min07Sex determinationNCERT § "Sex Determination"7 min08MutationNCERT § "Mutation"6 min09Genetic disorders: pedigree and Mendelian disordersNCERT § "Genetic Disorders"10 min1 sim10Chromosomal disordersNCERT § "Genetic Disorders"9 min1 sim11Chapter reviewMust-know facts, traps and formulas12 min
Simulations
7 in this chapter
A one-gene cross in pea plantsIn: Inheritance of one gene: dominance and segregationDominance: complete, incomplete or co?In: Incomplete dominance, co-dominance and multiple allelesABO blood groups: who can have which child?In: Incomplete dominance, co-dominance and multiple allelesA two-gene cross: seed shape and colourIn: Inheritance of two genes: independent assortmentLinked genes and a genetic mapIn: Chromosomal theory, linkage and recombinationTracing a sex-linked trait through a familyIn: Genetic disorders: pedigree and Mendelian disordersNon-disjunction and the karyotypes it makesIn: Chromosomal disorders