Reproductive Health

Biology · Class 12

Simulation · Biology · Class 12

Where does it go? GIFT, ZIFT and IUT

"Where does it go? GIFT, ZIFT and IUT" is a free, interactive Class 12 Biology simulation for NEET, built on the lesson "Infertility and assisted reproduction" in Reproductive Health. Pick each one in turn, from a donor ovum to a 32-celled embryo. Watch where each one is placed, and the name of the technique. GIFT puts a donor ovum in the fallopian tube, where it is fertilised inside the body. ZIFT puts a zygote or embryo of up to 8 blastomeres in the tube; IUT puts an embryo of more than 8 blastomeres in the uterus.

From the lesson Infertility and assisted reproduction in Reproductive Health. Change the values and watch what happens.

Where does it go? GIFT, ZIFT and IUTBiology · Class 12

The idea behind it

NCERT §3.5

  • Infertility: a couple has no child even after 2 years of living together with unprotected sex.
  • Causes vary: physical, congenital, disease, drugs, immunological, even psychological. In India the female is often blamed, but the problem very often lies with the male partner.
  • Infertility clinics can diagnose and correct some disorders; when correction is not possible, assisted reproductive technologies (ART) can help.
  • IVF-ET ('test tube baby'): ova from the wife or a donor and sperms from the husband or a donor are made to form a zygote in the laboratory, under conditions close to those in the body; the embryo is then transferred.
  • ZIFT (zygote intra fallopian transfer): the zygote or an early embryo with up to 8 blastomeres goes into the fallopian tube. IUT (intra uterine transfer): an embryo with more than 8 blastomeres goes into the uterus.
  • Embryos formed by in-vivo fertilisation (gametes fusing inside a female) can also be transferred to help females who cannot conceive.
  • GIFT (gamete intra fallopian transfer): an ovum from a donor is placed in the fallopian tube of a female who cannot produce ova but can provide a suitable environment for fertilisation and development.
  • ICSI (intra cytoplasmic sperm injection): a sperm is injected directly into the ovum in the laboratory to form an embryo.
  • Artificial insemination (AI): used when the male cannot inseminate the female or has very low sperm counts. Semen from the husband or a healthy donor is placed in the vagina or in the uterus (IUI, intra-uterine insemination).
  • ART needs highly precise handling by specialists and costly instruments, so it is available in very few centres and to few people; emotional, religious and social factors also hold it back. The law also permits legal adoption, which gives orphaned and destitute children a home.

Questions

2 answers

What does the "Where does it go? GIFT, ZIFT and IUT" simulation show?
Pick each one in turn, from a donor ovum to a 32-celled embryo. Watch where each one is placed, and the name of the technique.
Is this simulation free?
Yes. It is free and runs in the browser on a phone or a laptop. It belongs to the lesson "Infertility and assisted reproduction" in Reproductive Health (Class 12 Biology).

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