Chemistry · Class 12 · Chapter 8
Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids
13 lessons108 min7 simulations10 practice questions
Aldehydes, ketones and carboxylic acids all carry the carbonyl group, C=O. The chapter names them, explains the polar, planar carbonyl, and covers how aldehydes and ketones are made, why they add nucleophiles, how they are reduced and oxidised, and the tests that tell them apart; then how carboxylic acids are made, why they are the most acidic organic compounds met so far, and how the –OH, the C–OH bond, the whole –COOH and the α-carbon react.
Also called: carbonyl compounds · aldol condensation · carboxylic acids
Lessons
13 lessons · 108 min
01Names and the carbonyl groupNCERT §8.16 min02Preparing aldehydes and ketonesNCERT §8.2.1–8.2.211 min2 sims03Aromatic aldehydes and ketonesNCERT §8.2.2–8.2.35 min04Physical properties of aldehydes and ketonesNCERT §8.35 min05Nucleophilic additionNCERT §8.412 min2 sims06Ammonia derivatives and reductionNCERT §8.45 min07Oxidation and the testsNCERT §8.410 min1 sim08α-Hydrogen reactions and usesNCERT §8.4–8.59 min1 sim09Carboxylic acids: names and structureNCERT §8.65 min10Preparing carboxylic acidsNCERT §8.76 min11Physical properties and acidityNCERT §8.8–8.9.111 min1 sim12Reactions and uses of carboxylic acidsNCERT §8.9.2–8.106 min13Chapter reviewMust-know facts, traps and formulas17 min
Simulations
7 in this chapter
The oxidation ladderIn: Preparing aldehydes and ketonesCut the C=C: ozonolysis and hot KMnO₄In: Preparing aldehydes and ketonesGrignard reagent + carbonylIn: Nucleophilic additionWhy do aldehydes add nucleophiles faster?In: Nucleophilic additionWhich carbonyl compound passes which test?In: Oxidation and the testsAldol builderIn: α-Hydrogen reactions and usesHow strong is each acid?In: Physical properties and acidity