Chemistry · Class 11 · Chapter 6
Equilibrium
12 lessons131 min9 simulations9 practice questions
This chapter studies reversible processes that settle into a dynamic balance, first in physical changes and then in chemical reactions. It develops the equilibrium constant (Kc and Kp), the reaction quotient, the link to Gibbs energy and Le Chatelier's principle, and then applies the same ideas to ions in water: acid-base theories, pH, ionisation constants, salt hydrolysis, buffers and solubility products.
Also called: chemical equilibrium · ionic equilibrium · pH · buffer solutions
Lessons
12 lessons · 131 min
01Equilibrium in physical processesNCERT § "Equilibrium in Physical Processes"9 min02Law of chemical equilibrium and KcNCERT § "Law of Chemical Equilibrium and Equilibrium Constant"12 min1 sim03Homogeneous and heterogeneous equilibria; KpNCERT § "Homogeneous Equilibria"; § "Heterogeneous Equilibria"11 min1 sim04Applications of K and the reaction quotientNCERT § "Applications of Equilibrium Constants"11 min1 sim05K, Q and Gibbs energyNCERT § "Relationship between Equilibrium Constant K, Reaction Quotient Q and Gibbs Energy G"10 min1 sim06Factors affecting equilibria: Le Chatelier's principleNCERT § "Factors Affecting Equilibria"11 min1 sim07Ionic equilibrium and acid-base conceptsNCERT § "Ionic Equilibrium in Solution"; § "Acids, Bases and Salts"9 min08Ionisation of water, pH, weak acids and weak basesNCERT § "Ionization of Acids and Bases"11 min1 sim09Common ion effect and hydrolysis of saltsNCERT § "Common Ion Effect in the Ionization of Acids and Bases"; § "Hydrolysis of Salts and the pH of their Solutions"10 min1 sim10Buffer solutionsNCERT § "Buffer Solutions"10 min1 sim11Solubility equilibria of sparingly soluble saltsNCERT § "Solubility Equilibria of Sparingly Soluble Salts"10 min1 sim12Chapter reviewMust-know facts, traps and formulas17 min
Simulations
9 in this chapter
Equilibrium is dynamicIn: Law of chemical equilibrium and KcHeating limestone in a closed vesselIn: Homogeneous and heterogeneous equilibria; KpAn ICE table for PCl₅In: Applications of K and the reaction quotientRolling downhill to equilibriumIn: K, Q and Gibbs energyPush an equilibrium and watch it push backIn: Factors affecting equilibria: Le Chatelier's principlepH of a strong acid and a weak acidIn: Ionisation of water, pH, weak acids and weak basesWhy some salt solutions are not neutralIn: Common ion effect and hydrolysis of saltsA buffer holds its pHIn: Buffer solutionsWhich salt dissolves more?In: Solubility equilibria of sparingly soluble salts